The Enoch Inclusio in Jude: A New Structural Possibility

This paper proposes that Jude v. 4 and vv. 14-15 function as an inclusio framing Jude’s case against the ungodly and shaping the flow of the entire letter. The second bracket of the inclusio, the Enoch citation (vv. 14-15), has been viewed as one example among many in Jude’s case. Instead, it is a prophetic declaration in light of the evidence, confirming the condemnation of the ungodly. Of all the theophany passages at Jude’s disposal, why did he select this text to build and finalize his charge against the ungodly? The paper offers seven suggestions why 1 En 1.9 was appropriate for Jude’s situation.