'Mother of the Nation (mḗtēr éthnous)' (4 Macc. 15:29): Mother of Seven Maccabaean Sons as Patriarchess of New-Quality Nation

The mother of seven sons, during the martyrdom of her children, was notable for the same attitudes as Abraham. Describing her with typically masculine features also underlines her great authority and special role in the patriarchal society. Her title of mḗtēr éthnous – considered in the context of 4 Macc. – can therefore be interpreted in the light of the person and mission of the patriarch Abraham. The mother can be seen as 'a patriarchess of a new-quality nation', i.e. of those who, through obedience to the Law, despite various difficulties, inherit not so much earthly goods, but eternal reward.