תרומת מגילות מדבר יהודה לשחזור המצע העברי של ספר מקבים א

The common view among scholars of 1 Maccabees is that the Greek version we have is a translation of a lost Hebrew original. This paper presents several examples of reconstructions of the Hebrew Vorlage of the book, based on phrases documented in the Dead Sea Scrolls. Thus, it is proposed that the phrase καὶ ἐτάχυναν ἐπ ̓ αὐτοὺς πόλεμον (1 Macc 2:35) is a translation of וימהרו עליהם מלחמה (cf. 1QHa 13:19); ἀβουλεύτως (1 Macc 5:67) is a translation of אשר לא בעצה (cf., e.g., 1QS 7:11); τὸ κάλλος τῶν γυναικῶν (1 Macc 1:26) of זיו הנשים; καὶ ἀντελάβοντο τοῦ νόμου (1 Macc 2:48) of ויעזרו את התורה (cf. 1QHa 10:36–37); and ζητοῦντες δικαιοσύνην καὶ κρίμα (1 Macc 2:29) of דורשי צדקה ומשפט (cf. 4Q298 3–4 ii 5). These examples illustrate how the Hebrew documented in the Dead Sea Scrolls may add linguistic data from the period of 1 Maccabees’ composition, which will provide new suggestions for reconstruction or confirm previous hypotheses.